Adrian E. Pashtuns and Hazaras in Afghanistan

1) What percentage of the population do Pashtuns and Hazaras make up in Afghanistan?
- This, accordingly, lowered the percentage of Pashtuns in Afghanistan's population and raised the percentages of the country's other ethnic groups until the mid-1990s when many of the refugees returned. This raised the percentage of Hazaras in Afghanistan from 8% in 1978 to 14% in 1987. The Hazaras now constitute about 9% of Afghanistan's population.
2) Where do Pashtuns mainly live? What language do they speak?
-the Pathan are concentrated in the east and the south. As they gained control over the rest of the country in the 19th century, however, many of them settled in other areas too.
-The Pashtuns mostly speak Pashtu (although some residing in Kabul and other urban areas speak Dari) and are generally Sunni Muslims

3) Where do Hazaras mainly live? What language do they speak?
-The Hazaras speak Farsi and are mostly Shi'i Muslims (primarily Twelver Shi'i, some Ismaili Shi'is), yet there are also some Sunni Muslim Hazaras. They settled in Afghanistan at least as far back as the 13th century. Hazaras have always lived on the edge of economic survival.

4) What effect did the Soviet Invasion of 1979 have on the Pashtun/Hazara ethnic groups?
Pashtun -The Soviet invasion of December 1979 has been the major determining factor in Afghanistan's ethnic relations since that point in time. From that time Until mid-1991 the various factions of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan, all dominated by Pashtuns, controlled the country's government. All other factions either opposed or aligned themselves with the PDPA (with most in the opposition), including several Pashtun factions.
Hazara -The Soviet invasion of December 1979 has been the major determining factor in Afghanistan's ethnic relations since that point in time. The Hazaras were among those who fought against the Communist government and they succeeded in liberating much of their homeland early on in the civil war. During the 1980s, they reached an agreement with the government in Kabul that in exchange for not attacking the government, the Hazaras were allowed to live relatively independent lives.

5) From what you read, why is there a conflict between Amir and Hassan? How does what you learned explained their relationship?
- One of them is poor and is the servent of the other boy. the rich boy`s dad doesnt want his son to be hanging out with the poor one but they still hang out and the rich one reads stories to the poor one because he doesnt have books or cant read.